CISES / RESEARCH / PUBLICATIONS
Fact File
CISES factfiles provide a structured overview of subjects within international security, defence, technology and economics. Each 400–600-word publication presents key facts and figures, relevant background and context, and an account of current conditions and trends.
Latest publications
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China’s Humanoid Combatant Technology Development: Future Prospects of Embodied Intelligence in War
Executive Summary The development of embodied intelligence in humanoid robotics has rapidly accelerated within the Chinese research and development community. Beyond commercial applications, the People’s Liberation Army…
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Tactical Drone Production Facilities in Ukraine
Executive Summary Helsinki-headquartered Sensofusion, a counter-drone technology firm, recently began manufacturing mobile drone production facilities known as tactical drone factories. Housed inside a standard shipping container, each…
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Targeting NATO’s Supply Lines: Russian Drone Sabotage at Leipzig/Halle Airport
Executive Summary On 4 August 2026, a drone carrying explosives struck a stationary cargo aircraft at Leipzig/Halle Airport. Hours later, an unidentified flying object struck an aircraft…
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The French Military’s Renewed Defence Agreement with Chad
Executive Summary Less than two years after Chad called for the withdrawal of French military forces in November 2024, French troops are slowly returning to the country…
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The Main Ground Combat System: From Joint Platform to Platform-Independent Technology
Executive summary The Main Ground Combat System (MGCS) is a Franco-German programme to develop a next-generation replacement for the Leopard 2 and Leclerc main battle tanks (MBT),…
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The Collapse of the US-Iran Ceasefire
Executive Summary The ceasefire which followed Operation Epic Fury revealed itself to be a fragile agreement, lasting only a few weeks after the 19th of June. The…
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Multilateral Governance versus Unilateral Mining in the Deep Seabed
Executive Summary In a world where the rapid growth of AI and rising demand for electronic equipment are driving renewed interest in critical minerals, deep-sea mining is…
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The India-EU Security and Defence Partnership (SDP) – Prospects and Constraints
Executive Summary On January 27th 2026, India and the EU signed the Security and Defence Partnership (SDP), setting out to improve cooperation in domains such as maritime…
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The Indus Waters Treaty – An Idol Put On Hold
Executive Summary The Indus Waters Treaty (IWT) has been put into abeyance by India after being widely known as an enduring transboundary water agreement between the otherwise…
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