Research & Analysis
Independent research on security, geopolitical competition, economic statecraft and emerging technologies. Explore our publications by subject, programme, region or contributor.
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The EU’s Increasingly Geopolitical Cybersecurity Framework
The EU’s proposed Cybersecurity Act 2 introduces geopolitical considerations into cybersecurity regulation, raising questions about member state sovereignty, ICT supply chain security and the costs facing…
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US-Iran Crisis: The Gulf Energy Sector Under Strain
The US-Iran security crisis has exposed critical vulnerabilities in Gulf energy infrastructure and export routes. Alessandra Lorenzo examines the disruption to oil and LNG production, the…
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Pakistan’s Deployment to Saudi Arabia: What Is at Stake?
Pakistan’s deployment to Saudi Arabia under the Mecca Pact raises questions over military authority, domestic security and Islamabad’s relations with Iran and China.
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Yemen’s Escalating Humanitarian Access Crisis
Yemen’s humanitarian access crisis is worsening as renewed fighting, funding cuts and aid worker detentions obstruct relief. What measures can restore aid delivery?
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Joint Development and Cooperation in the High North: The 212CD Submarine Program
Introduction In 2017, an agreement between Norway’s Kongsberg and Germany’s ThyssenKrupp Marine Systems (TKMS) (Royal Norwegian Ministry of Defense, 2017), began what would be a multi-year…
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Turning Mineral Potential into Supply: Colombia and the US
Executive Summary The Colombia-United States (US) memorandum of understanding (MOU) on critical minerals creates a framework for strengthening Colombia’s potential contribution to US supply-chain diversification. In…
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Conscription Without Consensus: Spain’s Defence Culture and the Absence of a Sustained Strategic Debate
Introduction. Historically, military service in Europe was closely linked to the development of the modern state and the idea of popular sovereignty, and it became firmly…
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Russia’s Shadow War: The Threat to Britain’s Defence Industry
The past few weeks have borne significant developments within Russia’s political and military posturing, as NATO allies continue to deepen their cooperation with Ukraine. Among NATO…
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Algeria’s Unusual Defence Budget and Implications for Global Security
If one is to look at the top five countries with the highest share of GDP dedicated to defence spending, the list generally tracks with global…
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What the UK’s Data Centre Boom Reveals About the Stalled Tech Prosperity Deal
Executive Summary The suspension of the UK–US Technology Prosperity Deal in December 2025 exposed a gap between diplomatic cooperation and commercial investment. Signed on 18 September…
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Tactical Drone Production Facilities in Ukraine
Executive Summary Helsinki-headquartered Sensofusion, a counter-drone technology firm, recently began manufacturing mobile drone production facilities known as tactical drone factories. Housed inside a standard shipping container,…
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Can Defence Trade Give Turkey Greater Influence in Europe?
Executive Summary In recent years, Turkey has increased its sale of defence equipment to Europe. Turkish defense and technology companies are also working with European manufacturers…