Research & Analysis
Independent research on security, geopolitical competition, economic statecraft and emerging technologies. Explore our publications by subject, programme, region or contributor.
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Drones and the New M.A.D
Executive Summary: For the first time since the Second World War, European infrastructure and civilian populations are under threat from the air. Not from nuclear bombs…
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The India-EU Security and Defence Partnership (SDP) – Prospects and Constraints
Executive Summary On January 27th 2026, India and the EU signed the Security and Defence Partnership (SDP), setting out to improve cooperation in domains such as…
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Drone Hybrid Warfare in Germany
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Roughly a week after drones were spotted and thwarted at the Leipzig-Halle airport, a major center of logistics for European and American militaries as…
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Sea of Azov Strikes: A new stage for Black Sea Shipping and Grain Markets
Executive Summary Beginning in early July 2026, Ukrainian drone forces have conducted an extended strike campaign against Russian shipping in the Sea of Azov. This inland…
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NATO 3.0: Looking Back at Ankara
Executive Summary Following Allies’ commitment in the Hague Declaration to invest 5% of their annual GDP in defence and security-related spending by 2035, this year’s NATO…
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The Case Against AI Passports (and where policy should go next)
On the 17th of June, Estonian PM Kristen Michal approved a proposal for artificial intelligence (AI) ID codes. This outlined a new identification mechanism similar to…
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The Security Implications of Scottish Independence
On 19th September 2014, the declaration of votes in Glenrothes confirmed that Scotland had voted to remain in the United Kingdom in the Scottish Independence referendum.…
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Can Article 42.7 Become Europe’s Credible Defence Fallback?
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Article 42.7 is the lesser-known EU mutual defence clause, invoked once in history by France following the 2015 Paris attacks and now requested to…
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Japan and India Hedge Against an Uncertain Asia
Executive Summary Japan and India are deepening economic and security cooperation as both countries seek to reduce vulnerabilities arising from China’s regional influence and uncertainty surrounding…
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Data Poisoning in AI-Managed Smart Grids
1. Executive Summary The transition toward renewable energy in the UK, Germany, and Australia has driven power grids toward rapid decentralisation. To manage these complex Distributed…
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Secondary Sanctions Enforcement: Are Western Allies Actually Closing the Back Door?
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Between 2025–2026, Western allies dramatically escalated secondary sanctions against third-country enablers of sanctioned regimes, yielding important but limited disruptions. While these measures successfully intensified…
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An AI Cold War: Cultural Erosion or Job Disruption in a Divided World
Executive Summary Artificial intelligence (AI) is reshaping the global balance of power, making “AI sovereignty” a central challenge for nations. Countries around the world face a…